PenguinTracker
PenguinTracker / Colonies / Peter I Island

Peter I Island

Penguin breeding site · Ellsworth Land · CCAMLR 88.3

Peter I Island is a known penguin breeding site in the Ellsworth Land, at 68°50'S 90°30'W. Adélie penguins have been recorded here.

RegionEllsworth Land
CCAMLR subarea88.3
Species recorded1
Sea ice within 100 km259 days a year, median
Site codePIIS
Position68°50'S 90°30'W
Decimal-68.8350, -90.4917
Distance to pole2,353 km
Populationnot published — see below

Species recorded here

Adélie penguinPygoscelis adeliae

The sea around this site, 1979–2024

0901802703661979 · 350 days1980 · 344 days1981 · 331 days1982 · 361 days1983 · 316 days1988 · 295 days1989 · 226 days1990 · 257 days1991 · 222 days1992 · 240 days1993 · 262 days1994 · 271 days1995 · 259 days1996 · 226 days1997 · 219 days1998 · 197 days1999 · 197 days2000 · 262 days2001 · 256 days2002 · 265 days2003 · 255 days2004 · 288 days2005 · 245 days2006 · 234 days2007 · 224 days2008 · 197 days2009 · 259 days2010 · 280 days2011 · 321 days2012 · 304 days2013 · 283 days2014 · 244 days2015 · 268 days2016 · 286 days2017 · 213 days2018 · 259 days2019 · 231 days2020 · 240 days2021 · 290 days2022 · 194 days2023 · 216 days198019851990199520002005201020152020DAYS A YEAR WITH SEA ICE OVER 15% WITHIN 100 KM · PALE BARS ARE ICE YEARS THE COVERAGE GATE DROPS
One bar per ice year, 15 February to 14 February. Fixed 0–366 axis.

Averaged over the 52 ocean cells within 100 km, this site carries sea ice for a median of 259 days a year, peaking at a median 99.3% concentration. The fitted change is -14.4 days per decade, but it does not hold when the record is refitted from 1988 onward, so it is not quotable — the satellite before that date reads low at the coast, and every site here is coastal.

This site is one of the 56 independent places, and it stands alone. No other known breeding site lies within 200 km of it, so nothing measured here is a second reading of a neighbour's water. Most sites are not in that position: the 728 measurable sites in this archive thin to 56 places.

In the 2023 ice year — the last one this archive holds — the sea ice here lasted 216 days, which is this site's 6th shortest season of 41 and below its own median of 259. It was below the median at 657 of the 728 sites measured here and at 44 of the 56 independent places, which is the most widespread short season in the record: the whole archive is drawn in one frame.

Two limits. This is the sea around the site and never the fast ice on it — at 25 km that is invisible. And the archive ends 2024-12-31, so it is a climate record rather than a current reading.

Why there is no count on this page

Penguins are too small to resolve from orbit. What is visible is the guano stain a colony leaves on the ice, which is why counting from satellite is a colour problem rather than a counting problem — and it is not solved. Our own detector correlates at r = −0.16 against ground counts across eight colonies, which is no relationship at all. Until that is fixed, this site publishes locations and says nothing about numbers. A number we cannot defend would be worse than none.

Nearest breeding sites

Nearest stations

60°SPETER I ISLAND
Peter I Island in Antarctic Polar Stereographic. Rings are 60°, 70° and 80°S.
Pfrogner PointNoville PeninsulaBryan CoastSmyleyCharcot IslandCape WaitesN300 KM
Within 600 km. Blue dots are other breeding sites, orange are stations.